Top 50 HTML Interview Questions.
1.What is HTML?
Answer: HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is a markup language used to create web pages.
Example:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Example Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to my page</h1>
<p>This is an example of HTML content</p>
</body>
</html>
2.What is the difference between HTML and XHTML?
Answer: XHTML is essentially a stricter version of HTML, designed to be more consistent and more reliable across different browsers and platforms. XHTML requires well-formed and valid code, whereas HTML is more lenient and allows for more errors.
Example:-
HTML:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>My Webpage</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to my webpage</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph of text on my webpage.</p>
</body>
</html>
XHTML:-
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>My Webpage</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to my webpage</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph of text on my webpage.</p>
</body>
</html>
3.What are the basic syntax rules for HTML?
Answer: HTML syntax consists of tags, attributes, and content. Tags are enclosed in angle brackets, and most have an opening and closing tag. Attributes provide additional information about an HTML element and are defined within the opening tag.
Example:-
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>My Webpage</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to my webpage</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph of text on my webpage.</p>
</body>
</html>
4.What is a tag in HTML?
Answer: A tag is a code element used to define the structure and content of an HTML document.
Example:-
<h1>Welcome to my webpage</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph of text on my webpage.</p>
5.What is the difference between an opening and closing tag in HTML?
Answer: An opening tag defines the beginning of an HTML element, while a closing tag defines the end of an element.
Example:-
<p>This is an opening tag</p>
<p>This is a closing tag</p>
6.What are the different types of tags in HTML?
Answer: The different types of tags in HTML include structural tags, text formatting tags, and multimedia tags.
Heading tags (h1 - h6) for creating headings
Paragraph tag (p) for creating paragraphs
Anchor tag (a) for creating links
Image tag (img) for displaying images
List tags (ul, ol, li) for creating lists
Table tags (table, tr, td) for creating tables
Form tags (form, input, select, textarea) for creating forms
7.What is the purpose of the DOCTYPE declaration in HTML?
Answer: The DOCTYPE declaration defines the HTML version and type of the document being created.For example, the DOCTYPE declaration for HTML5 is:
<!DOCTYPE html>
8.What is an HTML element?
Answer: An HTML element is a single unit of content within an HTML document.
Example:-
<img src="example.jpg" alt="An example image">
9.What are the attributes in HTML?
Answer: Attributes are additional properties that can be added to an HTML element to provide extra information about the element.
Example:-
<a href="https://www.example.com" target="_blank">Visit Example</a>
10.What is the difference between the ID and class attributes in HTML?
Answer: The ID attribute uniquely identifies a specific HTML element, while the class attribute groups multiple HTML elements together.
For example:
<div id="header">...</div>
<p class="important">...</p>
11.What is the purpose of the alt attribute in an HTML image tag?
Answer: The alt attribute provides a text description of an image for users who cannot see the image
Example:-<img src="example.jpg" alt="This is an example image">
12.What is the difference between the <div> and <span> tags in HTML?
Answer: The <div> tag is a block-level element used to group larger sections of content, while the <span> tag is an inline element used to apply styling to smaller sections of content.
Example:-
<div>This is a block-level element.</div>
<span>This is an inline-level element.</span>
13.What is semantic HTML?
Answer: Semantic HTML is the practice of using HTML tags to convey meaning and structure to the content of a web page.
Example:-
<nav>
<ul>
<li><a href="#">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="#">About Us</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Services</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Contact</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
14.What is the purpose of the <meta> tag in HTML?
Answer: The <meta> tag provides metadata about an HTML document, such as the page description and keywords.
Example:-
<meta charset="UTF-8">
15.What is the difference between the <strong> and <em> tags in HTML?
Answer: The <strong> tag is used to emphasize important content, while the <em> tag is used to emphasize the importance of the content within a sentence.
Example:-
<strong>This text is important.</strong>
<em>This text is emphasized.</em>
16.What is the purpose of the <a> tag in HTML?
Answer: The <a> tag is used to create hyperlinks within an HTML document.
Example:-<a href="https://www.example.com">This is a link to example.com</a>
17.What is the difference between an absolute and relative URL in HTML?
Answer: An absolute URL includes the full path of the file being linked to, while a relative URL includes a partial path from the current file.
Example:-
Absolute URL: <a href="https://www.example.com">This is an absolute URL</a>
Relative URL: <a href="index.html">This is a relative URL</a>
18.What is the purpose of the <head> tag in HTML?
Answer: The <head> tag contains metadata about an HTML document, including the title and links to external stylesheets and scripts.
Example:-
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Page Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
19.What is the difference between the <ul> and <ol> tags in HTML?
Answer: The <ul> tag creates an unordered list, while the <ol> tag creates an ordered list.
Example:-<ul>
<li>Unordered list item 1</li>
<li>Unordered list item 2</li>
<li>Unordered list item 3</li>
</ul>
<ol>
<li>Ordered list item 1</li>
<li>Ordered list item 2</li>
<li>Ordered list item 3</li>
</ol>
20.What is the purpose of the <table> tag in HTML?
Answer: The <table> tag in HTML is used to create a structured grid of data or information. It allows you to define rows and columns and specify the content to be displayed in each cell.
Example:-
<table>
<tr>
<th>Column 1</th>
<th>Column 2</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Row 1, Column 1</td>
<td>Row 1, Column 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Row 2, Column 1</td>
<td>Row 2, Column 2</td>
</tr>
</table>
21.What is the purpose of the <form> tag in HTML?
Answer: The <form> tag in HTML is used to create a container for user input, such as text boxes, buttons, and checkboxes. It allows you to send this input to a server for processing.
Example:-
<html>
<body>
<form action="submit-form.php" method="POST">
<label for="name">Name:</label>
<input type="text" id="name" name="name"><br><br>
<label for="email">Email:</label>
<input type="email" id="email" name="email"><br><br>
<button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>
22.What is the difference between GET and POST methods in an HTML form?
Answer: GET and POST are two HTTP methods used to submit data from an HTML form. GET sends the data as a part of the URL and is generally used for simple data retrieval, whereas POST sends the data in a separate HTTP request body and is generally used for more complex operations that modify data on the server.
Example:-
<html>
<body>
<form action="search.php" method="GET">
<label for="search">Search:</label>
<input type="text" id="search" name="q"><br><br>
<button type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>
23.What is the purpose of the <input> tag in HTML?
Answer: The <input> tag in HTML is used to create various types of input fields, such as text boxes, radio buttons, checkboxes, and submit buttons.
Example:-
<html>
<body>
<form>
<label for="username">Username:</label>
<input type="text" id="username" name="username"><br><br>
<label for="password">Password:</label>
<input type="password" id="password" name="password"><br><br>
<button type="submit">Log in</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>
24.What is the difference between the type attribute in an <input> tag?
Answer: The type attribute in an <input> tag specifies the type of input field to be created, such as text, password, number, date, time, and so on.
Example:-
<html>
<body>
<form>
<label for="email">Email:</label>
<input type="email" id="email" name="email"><br><br>
<input type="tel" id="phone" name="phone"><br><br>
<label for="age">Age:</label>
<input type="number" id="age" name="age"><br><br>
<label for="date">Date:</label>
<input type="date" id="date" name="date"><br><br>
<button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>
25.What is the purpose of the <select> tag in HTML?
Answer: The <select> tag in HTML is used to create a dropdown list of options for the user to select from.
Example:-
<html>
<body>
<form>
<label for="color">Select a color:</label>
<select id="color" name="color">
<option value="red">Red</option>
26.What is the purpose of the <option> tag in HTML?
Answer: The <option> tag in HTML is used to define an option in a dropdown list created with the <select> tag.
Example:-
<html>
<body>
<form>
<label for="color">Select a color:</label>
<select id="color" name="color">
<option value="red">Red</option>
<option value="blue">Blue</option>
<option value="green">Green</option>
</select>
<button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>
27.What is the purpose of the <label> tag in HTML?
Answer: The <label> tag in HTML is used to create a label for an input field, such as a text box or a checkbox.
Example:-
<html>
<body>
<form>
<label for="email">Email:</label>
<input type="email" id="email" name="email"><br><br>
<label for="password">Password:</label>
<input type="password" id="password" name="password"><br><br>
<button type="submit">Log in</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>
28.What is the purpose of the <button> tag in HTML?
Answer: The <button> tag in HTML is used to create a clickable button on a web page.
Example:-
<html>
<body>
<form>
<textarea id="message" name="message" rows="4" cols="50"></textarea><br><br>
<button type="submit">Send</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>
29.What is the purpose of the <textarea> tag in HTML?
Answer: The <textarea> tag in HTML is used to create a multi-line text input field.
Example:-
<html>
<body>
<form>
<label for="message">Message:</label><br>
<textarea id="message" name="message" rows="4" cols="50"></textarea><br><br>
<button type="submit">Send</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>
30.What is the purpose of the <iframe> tag in HTML?
Answer: The <iframe> tag in HTML is used to embed another web page or document within the current page.
Example:-
<html>
<body>
<h1>My Webpage</h1>
<p>Welcome to my webpage! Check out this cool embedded video:</p>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/dQw4w9WgXcQ" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</body>
</html>
31.What is the purpose of the <audio> and <video> tags in HTML?
Answer: The <audio> and <video> tags in HTML are used to embed audio and video content within a web page.
Example:-
<html>
<body>
<h1>My Webpage</h1>
<p>Check out this cool video:</p>
<video width="640" height="360" controls>
<source src="myvideo.mp4" type="video/mp4">
<source src="myvideo.webm" type="video/webm">
Your browser does not support the video tag.
</video>
<p>And listen to this cool audio:</p>
<audio controls>
<source src="mysong.mp3" type="audio/mpeg">
<source src="mysong.ogg" type="audio/ogg">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio>
</body>
</html>
32.What is the difference between the <embed> and <object> tags in HTML?
Answer: The <embed> and <object> tags in HTML are both used to embed external content within a web page, but the <embed> tag is simpler and more widely supported, while the <object> tag is more flexible and supports more advanced features.
Example:-
<html>
<body>
<h1>My Webpage</h1>
<p>Check out this cool embedded content:</p>
<embed src="mycontent.swf" width="640" height="360">
<p>Or try this:</p>
<object data="mycontent.swf" width="640" height="360">
<param name="movie" value="mycontent.swf">
<param name="wmode" value="transparent">
<embed src="mycontent.swf" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="360" wmode="transparent">
</object>
</body>
</html>
33.What is the purpose of the <canvas> tag in HTML?
Answer: The <canvas> tag in HTML is used to create dynamic and interactive graphics and animations using JavaScript.
Examples:-
<html>
<body>
<h1>My Webpage</h1>
<canvas id="myCanvas" width="640" height="360"></canvas>
<script>
var canvas = document.getElementById("myCanvas");
var context = canvas.getContext("2d");
context.fillStyle = "red";
context.fillRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
</script>
</body>
</html>
34.What is the purpose of the <header> and <footer> tags in HTML?
Answer: The <header> and <footer> tags in HTML are used to define the header and footer sections of a web page, respectively.
Example:-
<html>
<body>
<header>
<h1>My Website</h1>
<nav>
<ul>
<li><a href="#">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="#">About</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Contact</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
</body>
</html>
35.What is the purpose of the <nav> tag in HTML?
Answer: The <nav> tag in HTML is used to define a navigation menu on a web page.
Example:-
<nav>
<ul>
<li><a href="#">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="#">About</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Contact</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
36.What is the purpose of the <section> tag in HTML?
The <section> tag is used to group together related content in a document. It can be used to separate sections of an article, or to divide the content of a web page into different sections.
Example:-
<section>
<h2>Section Heading</h2>
<p>This is some text inside the section element.</p>
</section>
37.What is the purpose of the <aside> tag in HTML?
The <aside> tag is used to mark content that is related to the main content on a page, but not part of it. This content is often displayed in a sidebar or as a separate section on the page. Examples of content that might be marked with an <aside> tag include a list of related articles or a summary of the author's bio.
example:-
<aside>
<h3>Related Content</h3>
<p>This is some related content.</p>
</aside>
38.What is the purpose of the <article> tag in HTML?
The <article> tag is used to mark up self-contained content that could potentially be distributed or reused independently of the rest of the document. Examples of content that might be marked with an <article> tag include news stories, blog posts, or product reviews.
Example:-
<article>
<h2>Article Heading</h2>
<p>This is some text inside the article element.</p>
</article>
39.What is the purpose of the <main> tag in HTML?
The <main> tag is used to mark up the main content of a document. It is intended to help search engines and other tools identify the primary content of a page, and can be useful for users who rely on screen readers or other assistive technology.
Example:-
<main>
<h1>Page Heading</h1>
<p>This is the main content of the page.</p>
</main>
40.What is the purpose of the <time> tag in HTML?
The <time> tag is used to mark up dates and times in a document. It can be used to indicate the publication date of an article, the start and end times of an event, or other time-related information.
Example:-
<p>My birthday is on <time datetime="2000-01-01">January 1st, 2000</time>.</p>
41.What is the purpose of the <mark> tag in HTML?
The <mark> tag is used to highlight text in a document. It is typically used to call attention to important information or to indicate text that has been changed or edited.
example:-
<p>My favorite <mark>color</mark> is blue.</p>
42.What is the purpose of the <progress> tag in HTML?
The <progress> tag is used to indicate the progress of a task, such as a file upload or a download. It can also be used to indicate the completion of a form or survey.
Example:-
<progress value="50" max="100"></progress>
43.What is the purpose of the <meter> tag in HTML?
The <meter> tag is used to display a value within a specific range. It can be used to indicate progress towards a goal or to display information about a measurement, such as a temperature or a weight.
Example:-
<meter value="80" min="0" max="100">80%</meter>
44.What is the purpose of the <details> tag in HTML?
The <details> tag is used to create a disclosure widget, which allows users to expand and collapse additional information on a page. The tag is typically used to provide additional context or to show or hide content that is not essential to the main message of the page.
Example:-
<details>
<summary>How do I reset my password?</summary>
<p>You can reset your password by clicking on the "Forgot Password" link on the login page.</p>
</details>
45.What is the purpose of the <summary> tag in HTML?
The <summary> tag is used to provide a summary of the content that is revealed by the <details> tag. It is typically used to give users a quick overview of what they can expect to find when they expand the disclosure widget.
Example:-
<details>
<summary>FAQ</summary>
<p>Here are some frequently asked questions...</p>
</details>
46.What is the purpose of the <datalist> tag in HTML?
The <datalist> tag is used to provide a pre-defined list of options for an input field. When a user types into the input field, they will see a drop-down list of the available options.
Example:-
<label for="fruits">Choose a fruit:</label>
<input list="fruits" name="fruit">
<datalist id="fruits">
<option value="Apple">
<option value="Banana">
<option value="Orange">
<option value="Pineapple">
</datalist>
47.What is the purpose of the <keygen> tag in HTML?
The <keygen> tag is used to generate a public-private key pair for use in authentication. The private key is stored on the user's computer, while the public key is sent to the server for verification.
Example:-
<form>
<label for="username">Username:</label>
<input type="text" name="username"><br>
<keygen name="security"><br>
<input type="submit">
</form>
48.What is the purpose of the <output> tag in HTML?
The <output> tag in HTML is used to display the result of a calculation, or the output of a user action on a web page. It is used in conjunction with JavaScript, and allows you to display the results of calculations and user input in a specific area of the web page.
Example:-
<form oninput="result.value=parseInt(a.value)+parseInt(b.value)">
<label for="a">A:</label>
<input type="number" id="a" name="a"><br>
<label for="b">B:</label>
<input type="number" id="b" name="b"><br>
<label for="result">Result:</label>
<output name="result"></output>
</form>
49.What is the purpose of the <ruby> tag in HTML?
The <ruby> tag is used to define small annotations that are placed above or below Chinese, Japanese, or Korean characters. These annotations are called ruby text, and they are used to provide a phonetic pronunciation guide for the characters.
50.What is the purpose of the <rt> tag in HTML?
The <rt> tag is used to define the pronunciation of the characters that are being annotated with the <ruby> tag. It is used to provide the phonetic pronunciation of the ruby text that is being displayed above or below the characters.
51.What is the purpose of the <rp> tag in HTML?
The <rp> tag is used to define what to display if a browser does not support the <ruby> tag. It is used to provide fallback text that will be displayed if the browser does not support the ruby text annotations. The <rp> tag is used to provide text that will be displayed inline with the ruby text, and can be used to provide a translation of the characters being annotated.
52.What is HTML and what are its main features?
Example:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>My HTML Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello, world!</h1>
<p>This is an example of an HTML page. HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language and is used to create web pages.</p>
</body>
</html>
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